Itsheyini yeCarboxylic hydrophilic yandisa i-DMBA kunye ne-DMPA.

Intshayelelo

Kwimveliso ye-polyurethane yamanzi, i-carboxylic acid njenge-anionic hydrophilic chain extender luhlobo lwe-carboxylic acid ene-diol, esetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwisakhiwo sayo esisodwa se-molecular kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso.
Carboxylic acid uhlobo chain extender ikakhulu ibandakanya 2,2-dihydroxymethylpropionic acid (DMPA) kunye 2,2-dihydroxymethylbutyric acid (DMBA).Yimolekyuli ekhethekileyo yediol evaliweyo enemisebenzi emininzi enawo omabini amaqela e-hydroxyl kunye ne-carboxyl.Emva kokungathathi hlangothi nge-alkali, iqela le-asidi yamahhala linokuphucula ngokusebenzayo ukunyibilika kwamanzi okanye ukusabalalisa ukusebenza kwe-resin;Amaqela e-polar aqaliswa ukuphucula ukunamathela kweengubo kunye neempawu zokudaya zemicu yokwenziwa;Ukwandisa ukunyibilika kwealkali yokwaleka.Ingasetyenziswa kwinkqubo ye-polyurethane enyibilikayo emanzini, i-alkyd resin enyibilikayo yamanzi kunye ne-polyester resin, i-epoxy ester coating, i-polyurethane elastomer kunye ne-powder coating.
Ingasetyenziselwa izinto zekhemikhali zesikhumba, iikristale zamanzi, ii-inki, izongezo zokutya kunye neekhemikhali ezincamathelayo, ngakumbi ekwenzeni i-emulsion yamanzi i-polyurethane kunye ne-leather finishing agents.Ayisiyo kuphela i-chain extender, kodwa ikwayi-agent elungileyo yokuzifaka emulsifying ye-polyurethane, enokuphucula kakhulu uzinzo lwe-polyurethane lotion yamanzi, ngoko isetyenziswa ngokubanzi.

Izinto eziluncedo zokusebenzisa iDihydroxymethyl Carboxylic Acid

I-aqueous polyurethane lotion ikholisa ukwazisa i-agent ye-hydrophilic kwi-polyurethane molecular chain, emva koko ingathathi hlangothi nge-alkali ukwenza ityuwa, kwaye isasazeke kumanzi adiyoniweyo ngokuvuselela ngoomatshini ukwenza i-polyurethane aqueous lotion.
Kukho ubukhulu becala ezintathu iintlobo ze-hydrophilic agents ezisetyenziswa kwi-polyurethane yamanzi: i-anionic, i-cationic kunye ne-non-ionic.Uhlobo lwe-anionic ikakhulu lubandakanya: i-2,2-dihydroxymethylpropionic acid, i-2,2-dihydroxymethylbutyric acid, i-tartaric acid, i-butanediol sulfonate, i-sodium ethylenediamineethanesulfonate, i-glycerol kunye ne-maleic anhydride;Uhlobo lweCationic ikakhulu lubandakanya: i-methyldiethanolamine, i-triethanolamine, njl.Uhlobo lwe-non-ionic ikakhulu lubandakanya i-hydroxyl ephelisiwe i-polyethylene oxide.
Umxholo we-agent ye-non-ionic hydrophilic efana ne-polyethylene oxide kufuneka ibe phezulu kakhulu ukwenza ukusabalalisa kuzinzile.I-resin ye-polyurethane yamanzi eyenziwe nge-hydroxyl polyoxyethylene ether njengeqela le-hydrophilic linokuxhathisa okulungileyo kwe-electrolyte, kodwa ukuchasana kwamanzi kwefilimu kubi kakhulu, ngoko akwenzeki;
I-Cationic hydrophilic agent, efana ne-ethylenediamine sodium acrylate adduct, njenge-hydrophilic compound, yenza yonke inkqubo yokuphendula i-alkaline.Akukho nje ukusabela ngokukhawuleza phakathi - iqela le-NH2 kunye - neqela le-NCO, kodwa kunye nokusabela phakathi kweqela le-NCO kunye - nhcoo.Ngoko ke, ukuphendula kunzima ukulawula kwaye kulula ukuyijeli.Ngaphezu koko, i-lotion elungisiweyo ineengqungquthela ezinqabileyo kunye ne-film-forming resistance resistance, ngoko ke ayinakusetyenziswa kwishishini;
I-Dihydroxymethyl carboxylic acid kwifom ye-anionic inamaqela amabini e-hydroxyl kwaye iphinda isebenze njenge-extender chain.Le ndima imbini iyenza ibonise iingenelo ezinkulu kulungiselelo lokuzifakela emulsifying Pu lotion.Ngexesha lokwenziwa kwe-carbamate, yenza inkqubo yokusabela ibe ne-asidi.Ngaphantsi kweemeko ze-acidic, ukusabela phakathi kwe-NCO kunye ne-Oh kunobulali, ngelixa-nhcoo-ayithathi inxaxheba ekuphenduleni kwaye ayiyi kubangela i-gel.Ukongeza, i-dimethylol carboxylic acid iphinda isebenze njenge-chain extender, ukuze iqela le-hydrophilic (oko kukuthi, iqela le-carboxyl) libekwe kwicandelo le-macromolecular chain.Ukusebenzisa i-amine ephakamileyo njenge-agent engathathi hlangothi, i-resin ye-polyurethane emanzi enozinzo olugqwesileyo kunye namanzi agqwesileyo okwenza ifilimu kunye nokuchasana kwe-solvent kunokulungiswa.I-Dihydroxymethyl carboxylic acid yeyona ndawo ilungileyo ye-hydrophilic esetyenziswa kakhulu ekulungiseleleni i-polyurethane resin ephuma emanzini.

I-2,2-Dihydroxymethylpropionic Acid (DMPA) kunye ne-2,2-Dihydroxymethylbutyric Acid (DMBA)

Phakathi kweentlobo ezimbini ze-Dihydroxymethyl carboxylic acid, i-2,2-dihydroxymethyl propionic acid isetyenziswe ixesha elide kwaye i-hydrophilic chain extender esetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngoku.Nangona ineenzuzo ezininzi, nayo ineziphene ezininzi, ikakhulu ngenxa yendawo yayo ephezulu yokunyibilika (180-185 ℃), okunzima ukuyifudumeza nokunyibilika, efuna ukongezwa kwezinyibilikisi ze-organic ezifana ne-N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), n I-N-dimethylamide (DMF), i-acetone, njl., ngelixa i-NMP inendawo yokubilisa ephezulu, okunzima ukuyisusa emva kokulungiselela i-APU.Ngaphezu koko, i-DMPA ine-solubility encinci kwi-acetone, kwaye inani elikhulu le-acetone kufuneka lifakwe kwinkqubo yokudibanisa.Inkqubo yokususa i-ketone ayichithi nje amandla kodwa izisa nemingcipheko yokhuseleko.Ngoko ke, ukusetyenziswa kwe-2,2-dihydroxymethylpropionic acid ayikona nje kuphela ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, kodwa kulula ukubangela i-organic residues kwimveliso.
Xa kuthelekiswa ne-2,2-dihydroxymethyl propionic acid, i-2,2-dihydroxymethyl butyric acid inezi zinto zilandelayo:
1. Ine-solubility engcono kwii-solvents eziphilayo.Itheyibhile elandelayo ibonisa idatha ye-solubility ye-DMBA kunye ne-DMPA kumaqondo okushisa ahlukeneyo kunye ne-solvents;
Idatha yokunyibilika kwe-DMBA kunye ne-DMPA kumaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo kunye nezinyibilikisi:

Ukunyibilika: iyunithi: g / 100g isinyibilikisi
Ukunyibilika emanzini: i-48% ye-DMBA kunye ne-12% ye-DMPA.

2. Ireyithi yokusabela ephezulu, isantya sokusabela ngokukhawuleza kunye nobushushu obuphantsi bokusabela.Ngokomzekelo, ixesha lokuphendula lokudibanisa i-polyurethane prepolymer lifutshane, ngokubanzi kuphela imizuzu engama-50-60, ngelixa i-DMPA ithatha imizuzu eyi-150-180;
3. Isetyenziselwa i-polyurethane lotion yamanzi kunye nobukhulu beqhekeza elincinci kunye nokusabalalisa okuncinci;
4. Indawo yokunyibilika ephantsi, 108-114 ℃;
5. Ukwahluka kweefomyula kunokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-solvents, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswe iindleko ze-solvents kunye nenkunkuma yonyango lolwelo;
6. Ingasetyenziselwa ukulungisa ngokupheleleyo i-polyurethane engena-solvent kunye ne-polyester iinkqubo;
Kwinkqubo ye-synthesis eyiyo, ayifuni ukusebenzisa nayiphi na i-solvent.I-lotion eveliswayo inokusebenza kakuhle kunye neempawu ezibalaseleyo zomatshini wefilimu, engafinyeleli nje ixesha lokuphendula, inciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, kodwa igcina amandla.Ngoko ke, i-2,2-dihydroxymethyl butyric acid iyona nto eyaziwa kakhulu ye-hydrophilic compound.